mysql5.6及以下怎么查询数据库里面json
在MySQL与PostgreSQL的对比中，PG的JSON格式支持优势总是不断被拿来比较。其实早先MariaDB也有对非结构化的数据进行存储的方案，称为dynamic column，但是方案是通过BLOB类型的方式来存储。
‘贰’ sql 处理 json
json的数据json.loads进来以后会变成一个json的对象，你需要自己把python对象中的字段值取出来，拼成sql语句你可以把这个过程封装成一个函数importjsondefsave_json(json_str):obj=json.loads(json_str)sql='insertintotblvalues("%s")'%obj['id']#这里注意编码，要转成数据库的编码格式#blabla
‘叁’ JS 中使用 SQL 查询 JSON 数据
JsonSQL 可以方便的使用 sql 语句查询 json 数据。
示例：
源码很简洁 jsonsql-0.1.js ：
可以直接使用源码方式，demo地址：
http://files.cnblogs.com/zhangchen/JsonSQL.rar
也可以使用 npm 安装，地址：
https://www.npmjs.com/package/jsonsql
‘肆’ 怎么在mysql中放入json数据
我们知道，JSON是一种轻量级的数据交互的格式，大部分NO SQL数据库的存储都用JSON。MySQL从5.7开始支持JSON格式的数据存储，并且新增了很多JSON相关函数。MySQL 8.0 又带来了一个新的把JSON转换为TABLE的函数JSON_TABLE，实现了JSON到表的转换。
举例一
我们看下简单的例子：
简单定义一个两级JSON 对象
mysql> set @ytt='{"name":[{"a":"ytt","b":"action"}, {"a":"dble","b":"shard"},{"a":"mysql","b":"oracle"}]}';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
第一级：
mysql> select json_keys(@ytt);+-----------------+| json_keys(@ytt) |+-----------------+| ["name"] |+-----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
第二级：
mysql> select json_keys(@ytt,'$.name[0]');+-----------------------------+| json_keys(@ytt,'$.name[0]') |+-----------------------------+| ["a", "b"] |+-----------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
我们使用MySQL 8.0 的JSON_TABLE 来转换 @ytt。
mysql> select * from json_table(@ytt,'$.name[*]' columns (f1 varchar(10) path '$.a', f2 varchar(10) path '$.b')) as tt;
+-------+--------+
| f1 | f2 |
+-------+--------+
| ytt | action |
| dble | shard |
| mysql | oracle |
+-------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
set @json_str1 = ' { "query_block": { "select_id": 1, "cost_info": { "query_cost": "1.00" }, "table": { "table_name": "bigtable", "access_type": "const", "possible_keys": [ "id" ], "key": "id", "used_key_parts": [ "id" ], "key_length": "8", "ref": [ "const" ], "rows_examined_per_scan": 1, "rows_proced_per_join": 1, "filtered": "100.00", "cost_info": { "read_cost": "0.00", "eval_cost": "0.20", "prefix_cost": "0.00", "data_read_per_join": "176" }, "used_columns": [ "id", "log_time", "str1", "str2" ] } }}';
mysql> select json_keys(@json_str1) as 'first_object';+-----------------+| first_object |+-----------------+| ["query_block"] |+-----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select json_keys(@json_str1,'$.query_block') as 'second_object';+-------------------------------------+| second_object |+-------------------------------------+| ["table", "cost_info", "select_id"] |+-------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select json_keys(@json_str1,'$.query_block.table') as 'third_object'G*************************** 1. row ***************************third_object: ["key","ref","filtered","cost_info","key_length","table_name","access_type","used_columns","possible_keys","used_key_parts","rows_examined_per_scan","rows_proced_per_join"]1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select json_extract(@json_str1,'$.query_block.table.cost_info') as 'forth_object'G*************************** 1. row ***************************forth_object: {"eval_cost":"0.20","read_cost":"0.00","prefix_cost":"0.00","data_read_per_join":"176"}1 row in set (0.00 sec)
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(@json_str1,
"$.query_block"
COLUMNS(
rowid FOR ORDINALITY,
NESTED PATH '$.table'
COLUMNS (
a1_1 varchar(100) PATH '$.key',
a1_2 varchar(100) PATH '$.ref[0]',
a1_3 varchar(100) PATH '$.filtered',
nested path '$.cost_info'
columns (
a2_1 varchar(100) PATH '$.eval_cost' ,
a2_2 varchar(100) PATH '$.read_cost',
a2_3 varchar(100) PATH '$.prefix_cost',
a2_4 varchar(100) PATH '$.data_read_per_join'
),
a3 varchar(100) PATH '$.key_length',
a4 varchar(100) PATH '$.table_name',
a5 varchar(100) PATH '$.access_type',
a6 varchar(100) PATH '$.used_key_parts[0]',
a7 varchar(100) PATH '$.rows_examined_per_scan',
a8 varchar(100) PATH '$.rows_proced_per_join',
a9 varchar(100) PATH '$.key'
),
NESTED PATH '$.cost_info'
columns (
b1_1 varchar(100) path '$.query_cost'
),
c INT path "$.select_id"
)
) AS tt;
+-------+------+-------+--------+------+------+------+------+------+----------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| rowid | a1_1 | a1_2 | a1_3 | a2_1 | a2_2 | a2_3 | a2_4 | a3 | a4 | a5 | a6 | a7 | a8 | a9 | b1_1 | c |
+-------+------+-------+--------+------+------+------+------+------+----------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| 1 | id | const | 100.00 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 176 | 8 | bigtable | const | id | 1 | 1 | id | NULL | 1 |
| 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1.00 | 1 |
+-------+------+-------+--------+------+------+------+------+------+----------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
举例二
再来一个复杂点的例子，用的是EXPLAIN 的JSON结果集。
JSON 串 @json_str1。
第一级：
第二级：
第三级：
第四级：
那我们把这个JSON 串转换为表。
当然，JSON_table 函数还有其他的用法，我这里不一一列举了，详细的参考手册。
‘伍’ sqlserver2008不支持json
sql server2008支持json函数
1。json 转化成数据集合
1）转化用函数
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[parseJSON]( @JSON NVARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS @hierarchy TABL
element_id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) NOT NULL, /* internal surrogate primary key gives the order of parsing and the list order */
sequenceNo [int] NULL, /* the place in the sequence for the element */
parent_ID INT,/* if the element has a parent then it is in this column. The document is the ultimate parent, so you can get the structure from recursing from the document */
Object_ID INT,/* each list or object has an object id. This ties all elements to a parent. Lists are treated as objects here */
NAME NVARCHAR(2000),/* the name of the object */
StringValue NVARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,/*the string representation of the value of the element. */
ValueType VARCHAR(10) NOT null /* the declared type of the value represented as a string in StringValue*/
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
@FirstObject INT, --the index of the first open bracket found in the JSON string
@OpenDelimiter INT,--the index of the next open bracket found in the JSON string
@NextOpenDelimiter INT,--the index of subsequent open bracket found in the JSON string
@NextCloseDelimiter INT,--the index of subsequent close bracket found in the JSON string
@Type NVARCHAR(10),--whether it denotes an object or an array
@NextCloseDelimiterChar CHAR(1),--either a '}' or a ']'
@Contents NVARCHAR(MAX), --the unparsed contents of the bracketed expression
@Start INT, --index of the start of the token that you are parsing
@end INT,--index of the end of the token that you are parsing
@param INT,--the parameter at the end of the next Object/Array token
@EndOfName INT,--the index of the start of the parameter at end of Object/Array token
@token NVARCHAR(200),--either a string or object
@value NVARCHAR(MAX), -- the value as a string
@SequenceNo int, -- the sequence number within a list
@name NVARCHAR(200), --the name as a string
@parent_ID INT,--the next parent ID to allocate
@lenJSON INT,--the current length of the JSON String
@characters NCHAR(36),--used to convert hex to decimal
@result BIGINT,--the value of the hex symbol being parsed
@index SMALLINT,--used for parsing the hex value
@Escape INT --the index of the next escape character
DECLARE @Strings TABLE /* in this temporary table we keep all strings, even the names of the elements, since they are 'escaped' in a different way, and may contain, unescaped, brackets denoting objects or lists. These are replaced in the JSON string by tokens representing the string */
(
String_ID INT IDENTITY(1, 1),
StringValue NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
SELECT--initialise the characters to convert hex to ascii
@characters='',
@SequenceNo=0, --set the sequence no. to something sensible.
/* firstly we process all strings. This is done because [{} and ] aren't escaped in strings, which complicates an iterative parse. */
@parent_ID=0;
WHILE 1=1 --forever until there is nothing more to do
BEGIN
SELECT
@start=PATINDEX('%[^a-zA-Z]["]%', @json collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin);--next delimited string
IF @start=0 BREAK --no more so drop through the WHILE loop
IF SUBSTRING(@json, @start+1, 1)='"'
BEGIN --Delimited Name
SET @start=@Start+1;
SET @end=PATINDEX('%[^\]["]%', RIGHT(@json, LEN(@json+'|')-@start));
END
IF @end=0 --no end delimiter to last string
BREAK --no more
SELECT @token=SUBSTRING(@json, @start+1, @end-1)
--now put in the escaped control characters
SELECT @token=REPLACE(@token, FROMString, TOString)
FROM
(SELECT
'\"' AS FromString, '"' AS ToString
UNION ALL SELECT '\\', '\'
UNION ALL SELECT '\/', '/'
UNION ALL SELECT '\b', CHAR(08)
UNION ALL SELECT '\f', CHAR(12)
UNION ALL SELECT '\n', CHAR(10)
UNION ALL SELECT '\r', CHAR(13)
UNION ALL SELECT '\t', CHAR(09)
) substitutions
SELECT @result=0, @escape=1
--Begin to take out any hex escape codes
WHILE @escape>0
BEGIN
SELECT @index=0,
--find the next hex escape sequence
@escape=PATINDEX('%\x[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]%', @token)
IF @escape>0 --if there is one
BEGIN
WHILE @index<4 --there are always four digits to a \x sequence
BEGIN
SELECT --determine its value
@result=@result+POWER(16, @index)
*(CHARINDEX(SUBSTRING(@token, @escape+2+3-@index, 1),
@characters)-1), @index=@index+1 ;
END
-- and replace the hex sequence by its unicode value
SELECT @token=STUFF(@token, @escape, 6, NCHAR(@result))
END
END
--now store the string away
INSERT INTO @Strings (StringValue) SELECT @token
-- and replace the string with a token
SELECT @JSON=STUFF(@json, @start, @end+1,
'@string'+CONVERT(NVARCHAR(5), @@identity))
END
-- all strings are now removed. Now we find the first leaf.
WHILE 1=1 --forever until there is nothing more to do
BEGIN
SELECT @parent_ID=@parent_ID+1
--find the first object or list by looking for the open bracket
SELECT @FirstObject=PATINDEX('%[{[[]%', @json collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)--object or array
IF @FirstObject = 0 BREAK
IF (SUBSTRING(@json, @FirstObject, 1)='{')
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar='}', @type='object'
ELSE
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar=']', @type='array'
SELECT @OpenDelimiter=@firstObject
WHILE 1=1 --find the innermost object or list...
BEGIN
SELECT
@lenJSON=LEN(@JSON+'|')-1
--find the matching close-delimiter proceeding after the open-delimiter
SELECT
@NextCloseDelimiter=CHARINDEX(@NextCloseDelimiterChar, @json,
@OpenDelimiter+1)
--is there an intervening open-delimiter of either type
SELECT @NextOpenDelimiter=PATINDEX('%[{[[]%',
RIGHT(@json, @lenJSON-@OpenDelimiter)collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)--object
IF @NextOpenDelimiter=0
BREAK
SELECT @NextOpenDelimiter=@NextOpenDelimiter+@OpenDelimiter
IF @NextCloseDelimiter<@NextOpenDelimiter
BREAK
IF SUBSTRING(@json, @NextOpenDelimiter, 1)='{'
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar='}', @type='object'
ELSE
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar=']', @type='array'
SELECT @OpenDelimiter=@NextOpenDelimiter
END
---and parse out the list or name/value pairs
SELECT
@contents=SUBSTRING(@json, @OpenDelimiter+1,
@NextCloseDelimiter-@OpenDelimiter-1)
SELECT
@JSON=STUFF(@json, @OpenDelimiter,
@NextCloseDelimiter-@OpenDelimiter+1,
'@'+@type+CONVERT(NVARCHAR(5), @parent_ID))
WHILE (PATINDEX('%[A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', @contents collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin))<>0
BEGIN
IF @Type='Object' --it will be a 0-n list containing a string followed by a string, number,boolean, or null
BEGIN
SELECT
@SequenceNo=0,@end=CHARINDEX(':', ' '+@contents)--if there is anything, it will be a string-based name.
SELECT @start=PATINDEX('%[^A-Za-z@][@]%', ' '+@contents)--AAAAAAAA
SELECT @token=SUBSTRING(' '+@contents, @start+1, @End-@Start-1),
@endofname=PATINDEX('%[0-9]%', @token collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin),
@param=RIGHT(@token, LEN(@token)-@endofname+1)
SELECT
@token=LEFT(@token, @endofname-1),
@Contents=RIGHT(' '+@contents, LEN(' '+@contents+'|')-@end-1)
SELECT @name=stringvalue FROM @strings
WHERE string_id=@param --fetch the name
END
ELSE
SELECT @Name=null,@SequenceNo=@SequenceNo+1
SELECT
@end=CHARINDEX(',', @contents)-- a string-token, object-token, list-token, number,boolean, or null
IF @end=0
SELECT @end=PATINDEX('%[A-Za-z0-9@+.e][^A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', @Contents+' ')
+1
SELECT
@start=PATINDEX('%[^A-Za-z0-9@+.e][A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', ' '+@contents)
--select @start,@end, LEN(@contents+'|'), @contents
SELECT
@Value=RTRIM(SUBSTRING(@contents, @start, @End-@Start)),
@Contents=RIGHT(@contents+' ', LEN(@contents+'|')-@end)
IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 7)='@object'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, Object_ID, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5),
SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5), 'object'
ELSE
IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 6)='@array'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, Object_ID, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, SUBSTRING(@value, 7, 5),
SUBSTRING(@value, 7, 5), 'array'
ELSE
IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 7)='@string'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, stringvalue, 'string'
FROM @strings
WHERE string_id=SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5)
ELSE
IF @value IN ('true', 'false')
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'boolean'
ELSE
IF @value='null'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'null'
ELSE
IF PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%', @value collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)>0
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'real'
ELSE
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'int'
if @Contents=' ' Select @SequenceNo=0
END
END
INSERT INTO @hierarchy (NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, Object_ID, ValueType)
SELECT '-',1, NULL, '', @parent_id-1, @type
--
RETURN
END
2.举例
Select * from parseJSON('{
"联系人":
{
"姓名": "huang",
"网名": "HTL",
"AGE": 05,
"男人":true,
"PhoneNumbers":
{
"mobile":"135123100514",
"phone":"0251-123456789"
}
}
}
')
以上用到函数，转自：http://blog.csdn.net/ghlfllz/article/details/51649837#
二、sql转化成json、xml等方法
见链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/huangtailang/p/4277809.html
原文链接：https://www.simple-talk.com/sql/t-sql-programming/consuming-json-strings-in-sql-server/
三、sqlserver2016支持json
请看：https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn921897.aspx
SELECT Name, Surname,
JSON_VALUE(jsonCol, '$.info.address.PostCode') as PostCode,
JSON_VALUE(jsonCol, '$.info.address."Address Line 1"') + ' ' + JSON_VALUE(jsonCol, '$.info.address."Address Line 2"') AS Address,
JSON_QUERY(jsonCol, '$.info.skills') as Skills
FROM PeopleCollection
WHERE ISJSON(jsonCol) > 0
AND JSON_VALUE(jsonCol, '$.info.address.town') = 'Belgrade'
AND Status = 'Active'
ORDER BY JSON_VALUE(@jsonInfo, '$.info.address.PostCode')
文章知识点与官方知识档案匹配
MySQL入门技能树内置函数JSON函数
29106 人正在系统学习中
‘陆’ sql中对json数据字段的查询
先取出string，再在内存里转换为对象并检查。
ps：存json是没问题，但又想存json又想直接查，违反了数据库的范式。
‘柒’ sql，xml，json三种数据库哪种读取速度最快
sql xml json不是数据库， sql是数据查询语言 json xml 一般用来做数据交换格式。mysql sql server，这类才是数据库
‘捌’ 前端json转sql
你问的是前端json转sql怎么转吗，可以利用转换器来进行。
JSONToSQLConverter帮助您在线将JSON转换为SQL。最简单的JSON到SQL转换器这个免费的在线工具可让您将JSON文件转换为SQL文件。只需将您的JSON粘贴到下面的表格中，它就会立即转换为SQL无需下载或安装任何软件。
JSON是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。它基于ECMAScript欧洲计算机协会制定的js规范的一个子集，采用完全独立于编程语言的文本格式来存储和表示数据。
‘玖’ SQL server存储过程实现JSON数据解析，然后插入数据库表求高手指点
两种方式
1、SQL有个charindex 函数，可以用这个函数配合substr实现 split功能实现循环插入
2、sql 2008以上存储过程支持表值参数，json反序列化在程序里更方便，所以反序列化之后通过表值参数传递
‘拾’ mysql数据库中某个字段存的是json数据,如何对json数据中的数据进行操作
这个可以吧json格式的字符串解析成数组json_decode()函数，变成数组以后就可以方便操作了，可以删除数组中的任意一项，也可以增加一项比如：array_push($data,['sort'=>3,'catentryId'=>10003]),再变成json格式的存入数据库。方法有多种，这里简单的示例下