Ⅰ 英语中冒号与引号的用法
一、冒号在英文中的用法
1、冒号用于对后面内容的介绍或解释，如 This is her plan: go shopping.
2、冒号用于名单之前，特别伏陆是一个竖排的名单。
We transferred three employees to new branches:
· Tony Wang to New York City
· Mike Jackson to Tokyo
· Mark Foster to Paris
当名单横排的时候，冒号要用在一个完整的句子之后，如 We need seven people: three students,three engineers,and a professor.
3、冒号用于一个正式的引用之前。如 The professor said: “It was horrible.”
4、冒号也可用于商业或正式信函的称谓后面。
如 Dear Mr. Lee：（美国英语中，信件或演说词的称呼语之后用冒号，而在英国英语中多用逗号。）
5、冒号用于数字时间的表示，如16:45 或4:45p.m.
6、冒号用于主标题和副标题之间，如 Web Directory: World and Non-U.S. Economic Data
二、引号在英文中的用法
引号分单引号(single quotation marks) 和双引号(double quotation marks) 。单引号只用在一个直接引语中所含有的另一个直接引语上。
1、表示直接引语。当直接引语超过四行或多于40个字词时陪扰, 一般不用引号而改用黑体字以便与文章的其它部分界线清晰。
"Well, "the foreigner said to him," you look like an engineer."
句号和逗号必须置于引号(双引号和单引号) 之内。
2、标明短篇出版物的标题, 诸如杂志、报纸上的文章、短诗、短篇故事和整部书的某一章节。
Have you read "The Old Man and the Sea"？
Chapter three is entitled "The Internet."
3、表示所用的词语具有特殊意义。另外,当俚语出现在较正式的文章中, 也用引号引起来, 以表示文风的有意转变。
The report contained the "facts" of the case.
The speaker owns a "fat farm" in California, which slims down rich overeaters for ＄2 , 500 a week.
4、 用于表示引起读者注意的词语, 或读者不熟悉的特殊词语。
It is customary to say "Youpre welcome" whenever anyone says "Thank you."
"SOS" is a message for help from a ship or aircraft when in danger.
三、问题中的句子要加冒号和缺乱顷引号。
(1)marksandweb扩展阅读：
1、冒号用在公函上收信人的称呼
Dear Sir:
We were very honored to have you come visit our company.
2、冒号用于分开标题和副标题(当一标题需要进一步说明时所加上的副标题)
Math Applications: Using Calculus to Determine the Age of Rocks （标题MathApplications和副标题Using Calculus to Determine the Age of Rocks之间以冒号隔开）
3、冒号必须加在完整句子或独立子句之后
最常见的冒号用法上的错误就是将冒号放在完整句或独立子句的中间。
Ⅱ 美国数学专业个人陈述的几篇英文范文
下面是我们搜集的几篇美国数学专业的个人禅行陈述英文范文，希望对大家的美国留学申请个人陈述写作有所帮助，我们提供的郑燃个人陈述英文模板仅供参喊袭虚考，请大家不要照搬。
范文一：
“Women aren’t suited for such hard subjects,” my friend Seung-woo told me with a smug smile. Seung-woo didn’t think that mathematics was a field for women. Although he was my age and wasn’t tied down by most traditional beliefs, he believed that only men could be true mathematicians. The majority of people in my country, South Korea, believe the gender stereotype that women are inherently inferior to men in mathematics. I strongly disagree with this outdated notion. Women are just as capable of outstanding mathematical achievement as men, and I am determined to help disprove gender stereotypes through my example.
Mathematics has always given me a deep sense of satisfaction. Even in elementary school, I was attracted to the precision and logic inherent in mathematical formulas. I devoured as much mathematical information as I could, collecting theorems of mathematicians such as Gauss and Euclid like other students collected stamps. I had the opportunity to test my skills and knowledge in high school, when I competed in several national math competitions, including the Korea Mathematical Olympiad. My strong showing in these venues, along with my top math grades and perfect math score on the Korean SAT, bolstered my confidence in my abilities. I was proud to prove to others that I was capable of performing at the highest levels.
Despite my strong interest and achievement in mathematics, it has been difficult for me to realize my potential e to the Korean ecational system, which emphasizes cramming for tests instead of critical understanding. More significantly, Korean social biases against women in the fields of math and science have discouraged me from pursuing my love of mathematics. Thus, I want to study in the United States, where I will be able follow my dream without these constraints. For about a year, I have taken English language courses at a university in Washington, D.C., where I have gained a glimpse of American academic life from the inside. I am very impressed by American students’ devotion to their studies and the system’s ability to support each student’s goals. I am therefore especially interested in attending Boston College, which, in addition to offering outstanding math and science courses, is renowned for its emphasis on cultivating students’ full development, or "cura personalis." At Boston College, I will be able to focus on my goal of becoming an excellent mathematician.
I am determined to succeed, but I know that I must overcome many challenges. Sometimes, when I feel discouraged by the obstacles I face as a Korean woman in mathematics, I imagine what my life will be like ten years from now. Armed with a Boston College degree, I will visit my old friend Seung-woo. We will have corresponded over the years, so he’ll already know about the many mathematics articles published in my name, and he will be well aware of the international acclaim they received. I will savor the day when Seung-woo admits that I was correct in believing that I could succeed as a mathematician. I will be proud to know that partly e to my achievements, the door to increased opportunities for women in math and science has swung open a little bit wider.
点评：
这是一篇韩国女学生申请BC数学专业的PS。文章的主线是：过去――现在――将来。
过去：描述自己从小学起就对数学很感兴趣，并一直坚持到高中。期间摒除了许多周围传统的异见。
现在：描述自己好友的反对意见和自己在美国学习一年英语课程的感受。
将来：用想象的方式描述自己将来的成功。
总的来说，文章写得比较精彩，作者很好地利用了韩国国内的对于女性学数学的传统观念，巧妙地表达了自己要去美国读书的必要性。在描述自己的将来时，作者又采用了想象的方式，很新颖，可以吸引读者的眼球。但是在精彩之余，文章的专业性略显不足。
译文：
数学家
“女性是不适合读这样一门复杂的课程的”我的朋友承佑得意洋洋地笑着对我说。承佑认为数学是不适合女性去研究的领域。虽然他与我同龄，也没有被过多的传统观念束缚着，但是他相信只有男性才有可能成为真正的数学家。在我的国家韩国，大多数人都刻板地认为在数学领域女性是天生就比不上男性的。我很强烈地反对这种过时的观点。女性是有能力在数学领域取得跟男性一样的成就的。我也下定决心去通过我自己的例子来反驳人们的性别刻板印象。
数学一直以来都给了我很大的满足感。即使是在小学，我就很着迷于数学公式的准确性和逻辑性。我尽我所能去学习数学方面的知识，像其他学生收集邮票一样收集诸如高斯和欧几里德等数学家的法则。高中时参加的几次国家级的数学竞赛，包括韩国奥林匹克数学竞赛，让我得到测试自己数学能力和知识的机会。我在这些比赛的良好表现以及在韩国SAT中数学的好成绩增强了我对自己能力的信心。我很自豪地证明给别人看我有能力在最高水平的舞台上展现自我。
虽然我对于数学有很强的兴趣并取得了一些成就，但是身处韩国教育体系的我很难发挥自己的潜能。韩国社会上根深蒂固的反对女性在数学和科学领域发展的观念妨碍了我对数学的热爱。于是我决定去美国学习，因为在美国我可以不受束缚地追求自己的理想。我在华盛顿特区的一所大学里学习大约一年的英语课程，并且从中体会到了美国的大学生活。美国学生对于学习的专注以及美国教育体系对于每个学生的目标的支持都给我留下了深刻的印象。因此我特别想加入波士顿学院，这间学校不仅拥有出色的数学和科学课程，还以其注重学生的全面发展或者说是“人性化”而出名。在波士顿学院，我可以集中精力去实现要成为出色的数学家的目标。
我下定决心要成功，但是我知道我必须战胜许多挑战。有时候，作为一个研究数学的韩国女性，我会因为一些困难而感到气馁。此时我就会想象十年后的生活。拥有了波士顿学院的学位之后，我会拜访老朋友承佑。因为我们在未来几年里一直保持着联系，所以他也会知道我发表的许多数学论文，而且知道这些论文在国际上享有的声誉。我会很享受承佑承认我坚信自己可以成为一个数学家是正确的那一天。当我得知由于我取得的成就，数学和科学界的大门向女性稍微敞开了一些的时候，我也会感到很自豪。
范文二：
I am an inflexible girl all along, if I make my decision, I will hold on it. In my high school, I decided to become an actuary, ring the seven years period, I firmly hold on my decision and approach to my aim step by step.
When I got the name of actuary from the newspaper, I felt that I found my foreordination. From my childhood, I was infatuated with mathematics and was sensitive to the digital, so I felt that the accurate calculation could arose my enthusiasm on self challenge, besides I has strong insight on the market tendency, strong analysis ability on the problem and I am responsible for the enterprises, only the accurate calculation can help me exert my ability and my character. So I chose xx University as my early decision to learn the accurate calculation which is the best major in xx University.
In my undergraate, besides of the courses, I often browsed SOA, CAS web and got information on the latest accurate calculation tendency and these new technology ways. Such as enterprise risk management and the new development of dynamical financial analysis, and I also wrote a paper under the guidance of xxx professor. Especially, when I prepared for the exam F& P, I strengthened my basic knowledge on the accurate calculation and I not only grasped all kinds of formulas and concepts on the mathematics but also grasped the essence of the accurate calculation and the balance of the cash. After, I took part in compiling the insurance actuary science written by professor xxx, my task was to tidied and sorted the knowledge , then wrote them with myself language which made me understand the accurate calculation knowledge better than before.
During the learning process, I got new realization from the accurate calculation, besides the knowledge, I need have management, communication ability and computer program ability, even though I must be familiar with the whole economy environment. So that I have learned S-plus, VBA, SQL and electron form financial management and economy, etc. and applied these theories to practices. Then in my junior holiday, I entered into an investment consulting company to practice, I took charge of compiling the daily trade analysis conclusion according to the news, enterprises financial form to carrying on the city analysis helping the stock trade activities. Until now, I took part in “College R&D outlay research statistics” presided by xx professor and pre- surveys, on the basis of these investigations, I also compiled the stage research reports. During this process, I did deal with the data and analyzed the data to exercise my ability on the computer applying and data digging.
I spent my three undergraate lives in learning and practicing, but I still hope to continue my ecation in your esteemed university which has advanced theory and better conditions for my study. Even though the front road is filled with hardness, I will hold on until I realize my dream. Because I firmly believe that if I pay for my efforts, I will get a good result.
范文三：
申请专业：数学MATH MATHEMATICS
The study of mathematical sciences has intrigued me for many years. The decision to study A levels in both Maths and Physics stemmed from a high interest level and strong aptitude in both subject areas. This was reflected in the AS grades I received in June 2002; achieving an A grade in mathematics which has inspired me further in my pursuit of the subject.
My interest has spread to computers and trying to link the two together has played a big part of my life in the last few years. I have taught myself, using books and other available sources, how to program in HTML and this has made it possible for me to take an active role in web design.
My other academic interests include Business Studies, especially management and finance areas which link with sections of the maths course. My choice to include a humanities subject at A level was partly encouraged by my need to analyse and evaluate situations, Business Studies gives me the chance to do this in great detail and I find it therapeutic to get involved in relevant
case studies. I am also taking an A level in General Studies which is increasing my knowledge of political and cultural issues. The subject also encourages group discussions concerning current affairs and provides me with the opportunity to input my opinions.
For the last few years I have been a member of a Duke of Edinburgh scheme running locally within the college. In June 2001 I completed the Bronze Award and am now working towards my Gold. This has given me a lot of experience in teamwork, problem solving and maintaining a high level of responsibility. These qualities have been taken on into a successful work experience placement in year 10 and my part time job as a sales/management assistant at respectable retail outlet Marks and Spencer.
I have enjoyed my time in the Sixth Form and have taken pleasure from both the academic and extra-curricular activities. I feel that I possess the qualities required to continue maths on to a higher level and combine it with moles that both interest me now and in areas which I hope to build on whilst at university. I am confident that this enthusiasm will combine with my strong determination and motivation, enabling me to succeed in the challenges that university presents.
范文四：
申请专业：数学MATH MATHEMATICS
My interest in Mathematics initially developed when I began to consider how a set of well-defined points on a plane could be described by a single equation. It was clear that a curve could be drawn through the set of points but, as my knowledge was limited in Year 10, I had to pursue my own research to learn how to dece the equation of such a curve. Since then, I have come to appreciate how the many diverse topics in Maths are connected, such as the relationship between number theory and cryptography, as explained in Marcus Sautoy’s ‘Music of the Primes’. I find the prospect of understanding such succinct theories, which can be applied in many instries, as well as forming new ones through extensive research, very exciting in today’s ever advancing society.
The topic to have engaged me the most at A-level has been differentiation. It is centred on the idea of limits, which relates directly to infinity and infinitesimals. I first read about Cantor’s continuum hypothesis in Clegg’s ‘A Brief History of Infinity’, and my understanding of infinity has evolved since then. The paradoxes associated with infinity and all the counter-intuitive arguments put forward about infinity motivate me to study infinity in detail, and I therefore look forward to the intriguing courses on analysis.
‘It may be very hard to define mathematical beauty, but that is just as true of beauty of any kind’ – Hardy in ‘A Mathematician’s Apology’. I agree with Hardy, for I feel that mathematical beauty is inexpressible and yet so common. However, I believe that Maths at school level has lost its beauty, as there is not enough emphasis on the proofs of theorems and the focus lies in the end result of a theorem instead. My opinion is that they are equally important, as one cannot exist without the other: you cannot classify something as a theorem unless it has a proof and you cannot have a proof unless it leads to a theorem. However, I have only come across beautiful Maths in proofs and I therefore look forward to the rigorous approach of being taught Maths at university level, which gives more importance to understanding. Currently, I find some stimulation in attending weekly extension Maths lessons, covering topics that go beyond the regular A-Level syllabus, such as Euclid’s algorithm, the Fibonacci sequence, the continuum hypothesis and proof by inction.
Maths has been a vital tool in innumerable disciplines, such as programming, medical imaging and code breaking, for thousands of years. I attended a lecture on ‘How Mathematics Drives Computing’ at Imperial College, where a lecturer explained how he was able to contribute significantly to airline scheling via his PhD research work. Such constant evolution and innovation in Maths, with its potential as an instrument of solving problems and progressing society, attracts me greatly. In my spare time, I write Internet articles frequently on programming techniques, such as image scaling and collision detection, to which over 50 people are subscribed. Moreover, I have received a prize for a project I developed myself.
I am a School Prefect, which has enhanced my leadership skills. I participate in inter-school hockey matches as part of our School’s team, and I have practised the art of Taekwondo since I was ten years old. I find Bridge interesting and have represented my School in various competitions. I have also been playing the drums for four years. Furthermore, I attend the J S Mill Society, where issues of politics and economics are discussed.
Sophistication, precision and the axiomatic approach of mathematics have always appealed to me and I hope to appreciate their efficacy to an even greater extent at university.
Ⅲ 英语常用缩略词
常用英文缩略词有Dept：Department部，司，局，系，科、LAB：Laboratory实验室、ANSI：American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会。
FLU：Influenza流行性感冒、DOB：Date Of Birth出生日期、desc：description描述、MAX：Maximum最大的、最大限度的、S/N：Serial Number系列号、WWW：World Wide Web万维网、DIV：Division分工、部门，师的简称，等等。
(3)marksandweb扩展阅读：
一、Department
1、读音：英[dɪ'pɑːtmənt] 美[dɪ'pɑːrtmənt]
2、翻译：n.部门；系；科；处；局；知识范围
3、例句：He worked in community welfare department.
他在社会福利部工作。
二、Influenza
1、读音：英[ˌɪnflu'enzə] 美[ˌɪnflu'enzə]
2、翻译：n.流行性感冒
3、例句：The girl has come down with influenza.
这女孩得了流行性感冒。
三、Laboratory
1、读音：英[lə'bɒrətri] 美['læbrətɔːri]
2、翻译：n.实验室
3、例句：They need one laboratory technician.
他们需要一名实验室技术员。
四、Division
1、读音：英[dɪ'vɪʒn] 美[dɪ'vɪʒn]
2、翻译：n.划分；除法；部门；分开；师（军队）
3、例句：The boy has learnt to do division.
这个小男孩已学会做除法。
五、Maximum
1、读音：英['mæksɪməm]美['mæksɪməm]
2、翻译：
n.最大量；最大限度；最高点
adj.最高的；最大极限的
3、例句：This hall holds a maximum of seventy people.
这厅最多容纳七十人。
Ⅳ it's worth noting that 是什么意思
it's worth noting that 的意思是：值得蚂迹销注意的是。worth的意思是：值得的，有…的价值，等值的，有…的财产，价值，财富，财产。noting的意思是：注释法，计算法。
拓展资料
it's worth noting that
1、Before we go on, it's worth noting that the XSLT translate() function takes three strings.
在我们继续之前，闷游有必要注意一下带有三个字符串参数的XSLT translate（）函数。
2、It's worth noting that using a second language doesn't make one better at all decisions.
要注意，使用外语并不会让你的所有决定都变得更好。
3、While on the subject, it's worth noting that although the examples in this series use try-catch() blocks to trap and handle exceptions, this isn't strictly necessary.
关于这个问题，有一点值得注意：尽管本系列中的示例使用try-catch（）代码块来捕捉和处理异常，但这并不是必须的。
4、It's worth noting that strings are encoded using single or double quotation marks.
另外一点值得注意的是字符串是通过单引号或双引号被编码的。
5、But it's worth noting that insiders normally sell more shares than they purchase.
不过，必须予以澄清的是，通常情况下，内线人士卖出股票的数量都会超过买进。
6、It's worth noting that one of the authors of the editorial, John Peterson Myers, has written a book on health risks associated with BPA and other chemicals, and runs a Web site on the subject.
值得提及的是社论的作者，John Peterson Myers曾经写了关于BPA和其他化学品与健康风险相关的一本书，并且就该话题开设了网站。
7、It's worth noting that you do not perform the distinct function on a cursor or result set as you do other query functions, but you perform it directly on the collection.
值得州团注意的是，您在执行其他查询函数时不能在指针和结果集上执行distinct函数，而应直接在集合上执行。
8、This article is primarily about dealing with local files, but it's worth noting that you can grab, echo, and parse other Web pages with these functions, as well.
本文主要介绍的是如何处理本地文件，但是值得注意的是您还可以用这些函数提取、回显和解析其他Web页面。
Ⅳ 英语中哪些标点符号能连接两个句子
逗号，冒号，破折号，括号。
祝你学习进步！
望采纳，谢谢！
Ⅵ 标点符号
中英文标点
中英文标点符号的差异：
汉语中目前使用的标点符号是参考借鉴西文的标点体系而制定的，它既保留了西文标点的主体特征，又带有与汉语语言特点相适应的特色。因而，中英文标点符号之间存在着一定的差异。
⒈ 汉语中的某些标点符号为英语所没有。
⑴ 顿号（、）：顿号在汉语中起分割句子中的并列成分的作用；英语中没有顿号，分割句中的并列成分多用逗号。如：
She slowly, carefully, deliberately moved the box.
注意：类似的情况下，最后一个逗号后可加 and ，这个逗号也可省略 --She slowly, carefully(,) and deliberately moved the box.
⑵ 书名号（《》）：英文没有书名号，书名、报刊名用斜体或者下划线表示。如：
Hamlet / Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》
Winter‘s Tale / Winter‘s Tale 《冬天的童话》
The New York Times / The New York Times 《纽约时报》
另外，英语中文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称和交通工具、航天器等的专有名词也常用斜体来表示。
⑶ 间隔号（ • ）：汉语有间隔号，用在月份和日期、音译桥银罩的名和姓等需要隔开的词语的正中间，如 " 一二 • 九 " 、 " 奥黛丽 • 赫本（人名） " 等。英语中没有汉语的间隔号，需要间隔时多用逗点。
着重号：有时汉语用在文字下点实心圆点表示需要强调的词语，这些实心点就是着重号。而英语中没有这一符号，需强调某些成分时可借助文字斜体、某些强调性词汇、特殊句型、标点停顿等多种方法。
⒉ 英语中的某些标点符号为汉语所没有。
⑴ 撇号 --Apostrophe （ ‘ ）
⑵ 连字号 --Hyphen （ - ）
⑶ 斜线号 —Virgule or Slash （ / ）：该符号主要起分割作用，如 It could be for staff and / or students. 也常用于标音，如 bed /bed/ 。
⒊ 某些符号在汉英两种语言中的形式不同。
⑴ 中文的句号是空心圈（。）
英文的句号是实心点（ . ）。
⑵ 英文的省略号是三个点（ ... ），位置在行底；
中文的为六个点（ ...... ），居于行中。
⑶ 英文的破折号是（ - ）
中文的是（ -- ）
英文标点符号的使用 :
句点（Full Stop / Period，“.”）
问号（Question Mark，“？”）
感叹号（Exclamation Mark，“!”）
逗点（Comma，“,”）
冒号（Colon，“:”）
分号（Semicolon，“;”）
连字符（Hyphen，“-”） 搏拦
连接号（En Dash，“–”）
破折号（Em Dash，“—”）
括号（Parentheses，小括号“( )”；中括号“[]”；大括号“{}”）
引号（Quotation Marks，双引号“"”；单引号“‘”）
缩写及所有格符号（Apostrophe，“‘”）
一、.句点
1.句点用于当一句话完全结束时。
2.句点也可以用于英文单词的缩写，如 Mrs., Dr., P.S. 等。但要注意的是当缩写的字母形成了一个敏闹单词的时候就不要使用句点。如 IBM, DNA 等。
二、？问号
问号要用在一个直接的问句，而不是间接的。
如 How will you solve the problem？ 是正确的用法，但用在 I wonder how you will solve the problem？就不对了，应该使用句点而不是问号。
另外，在客气的用语中，也是用句点而不是问号.
如 Will you please give me a call tomorrow.
三、! 感叹号
感叹号用于感叹和惊叹的陈述中，在商业写作中要注意感叹号的应用，因为不恰当的使用会显得突兀及不稳重。
四、；分号
1.与中文一样，分号用于分隔地位平等的独立子句。在某些情况下，使用分号比使用句点更显出子句之间的紧密联系，另外分号也经常与连接副词 thus, however, therefore一起使用(放在这些词语之前)。如 I realize I need exercise; however, I’ll lie down first to think about it.
2.在句子中如果已经使用过逗点，为了避免歧义的产生，就用分号来分隔相似的内容。如 The employees were Tom Hanks, the manager; Jim White, the engineer; and Dr. Jack Lee.
需要注意的是：一个完整的句子以大写字母开始，以句点结束。写英文时用逗点代替句点、分号、冒号或破折号叫“逗号错”，这正是中国学生所要避免的。请比较下列例句：
误：It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.
（注意：上面句子中划横线的部分是两个不同的主语，而且逗点前后的句子是完整的-----单独拿出来都能代表一个完整的意思。因此，用逗号违反了英文规定，即一个句子只能有一套主干。）
正：It was raining hard; they could not work in the fields.
It was raining hard. They could not work in the fields.
It was raining so hard that they could not work in the fields.
They could not work in the fields because it was raining hard.
It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.
As it was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.
误：The essay is poorly organized, there is no central idea.
正：The essay is poorly organized; there is no central idea.
The essay is poorly organized: there is no central idea.
五、：冒号
1.冒号用于对后面内容的介绍或解释，如 This is her plan: go shopping.
2.冒号用于名单之前，特别是一个竖排的名单。
We transferred three employees to new branches:
• Tony Wang to New York City
• Mike Jackson to Tokyo
• Mark Foster to Paris
当名单横排的时候，冒号要用在一个完整的句子之后，如 We need seven people: three students, three engineers, and a professor.
3.冒号用于一个正式的引用之前。如 The professor said: “It was horrible.”
4.冒号也可用于商业或正式信函的称谓后面，如 Dear Mr. Lee:(美国英语中，信件或演说词的称呼语之后用冒号，而在英国英语中多用逗号。)
5.冒号用于数字时间的表示，如16:45 或 4:45 p.m.
6.冒号用于主标题和副标题之间，如 Web Directory: World and Non-U.S. Economic Data
六、，逗点
1.逗点用于分隔一系列的简单内容，如 I will go to Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen.
2.逗点用于修饰名词的多个形容词之间，如 a small, fancy bike
3.逗点用于连接两个较长的独立子句，而且每个句子的主语不同，如 The Grizzlies were out of timeouts, and Miller missed a desperation 3-pointer as time expired.
4.逗点用于关联的子句之间，如 Since he’s your younger brother, please take care of him.
5.逗点用于一个较长的修饰短语之后，如 In the middle of the coldest winter on record, the pipes froze.
6.逗点用于直接引用的句子之前，如 Mary said, “Let’s go fishing.”（注意：这里说的和上面提及的冒号在直接引语中的使用不一样。如果是引用比较正式的发言讲话就要用冒号，一般情况下就用逗点。）
如果句中含有间接引用就不需要逗点，如 Mary said we should go fishing.
在反问句之前要使用逗点，如 :
He worked very hard, didn’t he？
以上是比较常用的标点,下面列出一些次常用的标点:
七、连字号Hyphen( -)
1.连字号主要用于某些前缀(如: self-,ex-和all-) 后和构成复合词。如:
ex-husband(前夫),brand-new（全新的）,poorly-dressed（衣着破烂的）
I have forty-thousand or fifty-thousand dollars.
I want to obtain the whole-year or half-year lease of the apartment.
当两个或两个以上复合词并用, 而各复合词连字号后的部分相同时, 各复合词的相同部分只出现一次,应改为the whole-or half-year lease.
2.用于区分同一词源
3. 当某复合词中出现重复的字母或过多的元音, 使阅读困难时, 可用连字号把前缀和词根分开。
non-nuclear, re-use, semi-independent
4. 构成某些复合数字（在英文写作中，100以下的数字应该用英文单词写出来，不可用阿拉伯数字代替）
twenty-one ring the years 1949-1999
有时, 用作名词的分数可以不用连字号, 但所有用作形容词的分词均须加连字号。
如: one fourth [ 也可one-fourth ] of those surveyed
5.用于一个词的一部分要移行, 一般按音节间断开单词加连字号（例如：ha-ppy,不可断为hap-py……）,或根据发音,不要把单个字母留在行尾或行首。注意一页中最后一个单词不能使用连字号将其置于两页。
八、圆括号Parenthesis( ( ) )
1．标出表顺序的数字和字母(如: (1) 、(2) 等)
2．用来表示其中插入的或附加的解释成分。这个插入成分可以是单词、词组或句子．但要注意,括号会削弱强调作用,因此,如果要强调插入的句子成份,则要用破折号。
They might take a walk together(remember feet) and see the neighborhood with fresh , new eyes.
九、引号Quotation Marks(“”‘’)
引号分单引号(single quotation marks) 和双引号(double quotation marks) 。单引号只用在一个直接引语中所含有的另一个直接引语上。
1． 表示直接引语。当直接引语超过四行或多于40 个字词时, 一般不用引号而改用黑体字以便与文章的其它部分界线清晰
“Well, ”the foreigner said to him ,“ you look like an engineer. ”
句号和逗号必须置于引号(双引号和单引号) 之内。
He told the gunman ,“I refuse to do that ”；his knees , however , were shaking even as he said those words.
She called this schele of activities her “load ”：work , study , exercise , recreation , and sleep.
冒号与分号必置于引号外。
The teacher asked , “Could you understand me”？
Did the teacher ask ,“Have they gone”？
Did the teacher ask ,“They have gone ？”
The frightened girl screamed ,“Help”!
The fellow only said ,“Sorry !”
He interrupted me , “Now , listen”——and went on saying.
问号、感叹号和破折号有时置于引号之内, 有时置于外号之外。如果所引内容本身是疑问句或感叹句或带有破折号, 问号、感叹号或破折号一般放在引号之内。否则,放在引号之外。
2. 标明短篇出版物的标题, 诸如杂志、报纸上的文章、短诗、短篇故事和整部书的某一章节。
Have you read“The Old Man and the Sea”？
Chapter three is entitled“The Internet . ”
3.表示所用的词语具有特殊意义。另外,当俚语出现在较正式的文章中, 也用引号引起来, 以表示文风的有意转变。
The report contained the“facts”of the case.
The speaker owns a“fat farm”in California , which slims down rich overeaters for ＄2 , 500 a week.
4. 用于表示引起读者注意的词语, 或读者不熟悉的特殊词语。
It is customary to say“Youpre welcome” whenever anyone says“Thank you. ”
“SOS”is a message for help from a ship or aircraft when in danger.
十、省略号Ell ipsis(...)
此省略号无论出现在句首、句中、还是句尾,都是表示单词的省略。
1. 表示直接引语中的省略
Max wrote ,“...in one word ,manps consciousness , changes with every change in the conditions of his material existence....”
句后的省略号和句号的写法应是在一条直线上的四个黑点。前三个黑点表示省略号,后一个黑点表句号。
2. 表示说话中的犹豫或迟疑
“If that the way you think...just go back to school ,”he said.
3. 表示段落或整行词句的省略, 须使用一整行黑点。
十一、撇号或省字号Apostrophe(’)
1.构成名词所有格
rest my son’ s
a moment’s books
A three weeks’pay
2.表示词、字母、数码、符号等的复数形式
Don’t use so many ands in the sentence.
How many 5s have you got？
这与一般单词的复数形式不同, 正规的写法须在s 前加“ ’ ”, 要牢记规则。
3.除表动词的紧缩形式外, 还表一个或几个字母和数字的省略。
I’ve got it. “Yes ,ma’ am ,”the waiter said.
注意：有相当大一部分省略词是口语中的用法，不宜出现在书面语中。例如：I’d like to(在书面语中要写作I would like to)
十二、 字底线Underline( ) 和斜体Italics
斜体是英语的一种独特的书写手段, 但具有标点的作用,它和字底线的作用完全一样。
1. 用于火车、飞机、轮船、太空船的名称之下
Challenger (飞机) Apollo Nine(太空船)
2. 用于具有一定厚度的书籍、报纸、杂志、长诗、电影、作曲的标题下
Have you read Gone with the Wind ？
在书写体中,长篇小说书名下要加字底线,如是印刷体写成斜体即可。
the Washington Post Time magazine
3．表示不常用的或还没有被英语这一语言所接受的外来词或短语。但外来语中的动植物科目须用字底线来表示。
In Korea , the sixty-first birthday is calld huan gup (beginning of new life) 1 He longed for
La dolce vita.
4． 强调文章中的某些词语,以引起读者的注意, 相当于汉语中的着重号(即在所强调的汉字下加一个黑点) 。
英国英语和美国英语标点符号的差异
1 ．引号的用法： ① 属于引语的逗号、句号在美国英语中位于引号内，而在英国英语中多位于引号外； ② 引语内再套用引语时，美国英语中双引号在外单引号在内，而英国英语中的单引号在外、双引号在内。
在美国英语中，如果省略号恰好在句尾，就用四个点，如 I‘d like to...that is...if you don‘t mind....
2 ． 冒号的用法： ① 在小时与分钟之间，美国英语多用冒号，英国英语多用句号； ② 美国英语中，信件或演说词的称呼语之后用冒号，而在英国英语中多用逗号。