‘壹’ python 运维常用脚本
Python 批量遍历目录文件,并修改访问时间
import os
path = "D:/UASM64/include/"
dirs = os.listdir(path)
temp=[];
for file in dirs:
temp.append(os.path.join(path, file))
for x in temp:
os.utime(x, (1577808000, 1577808000))
Python 实现的自动化服务器管理
import sys
import os
import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
def ssh_cmd(user,passwd,port,userfile,cmd):
def ssh_put(user,passwd,source,target):
while True:
try:
shell=str(input("[Shell] # "))
if (shell == ""):
continue
elif (shell == "exit"):
exit()
elif (shell == "put"):
ssh_put("root","123123","./a.py","/root/a.py")
elif (shell =="cron"):
temp=input("输入一个计划任务: ")
temp1="(crontab -l; echo "+ temp + ") |crontab"
ssh_cmd("root","123123","22","./user_ip.conf",temp1)
elif (shell == "uncron"):
temp=input("输入要删除的计划任务: ")
temp1="crontab -l | grep -v " "+ temp + "|crontab"
ssh_cmd("root","123123","22","./user_ip.conf",temp1)
else:
ssh_cmd("lyshark","123123","22","./user_ip.conf",shell)
遍历目录和文件
import os
def list_all_files(rootdir):
import os
_files = []
list = os.listdir(rootdir) #列出文件夹下所有的目录与文件
for i in range(0,len(list)):
path = os.path.join(rootdir,list[i])
if os.path.isdir(path):
_files.extend(list_all_files(path))
if os.path.isfile(path):
_files.append(path)
return _files
a=list_all_files("C:/Users/LyShark/Desktop/a")
print(a)
python检测指定端口状态
import socket
sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sk.settimeout(1)
for ip in range(0,254):
try:
sk.connect(("192.168.1."+str(ip),443))
print("192.168.1.%d server open
"%ip)
except Exception:
print("192.168.1.%d server not open"%ip)
sk.close()
python实现批量执行CMD命令
import sys
import os
import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
print("------------------------------>
")
print("使用说明,在当前目录创建ip.txt写入ip地址")
print("------------------------------>
")
user=input("输入用户名:")
passwd=input("输入密码:")
port=input("输入端口:")
cmd=input("输入执行的命令:")
file = open("./ip.txt", "r")
line = file.readlines()
for i in range(len(line)):
print("对IP: %s 执行"%line[i].strip('
'))
python3-实现钉钉报警
import requests
import sys
import json
dingding_url = ' https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token='
data = {"msgtype": "markdown","markdown": {"title": "监控","text": "apche异常"}}
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json;charset=UTF-8'}
send_data = json.mps(data).encode('utf-8')
requests.post(url=dingding_url,data=send_data,headers=headers)
import psutil
import requests
import time
import os
import json
monitor_name = set(['httpd','cobblerd']) # 用户指定监控的服务进程名称
proc_dict = {}
proc_name = set() # 系统检测的进程名称
monitor_map = {
'httpd': 'systemctl restart httpd',
'cobblerd': 'systemctl restart cobblerd' # 系统在进程down掉后，自动重启
}
dingding_url = ' https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token='
while True:
for proc in psutil.process_iter(attrs=['pid','name']):
proc_dict[proc.info['pid']] = proc.info['name']
proc_name.add(proc.info['name'])
判断指定端口是否开放
import socket
port_number = [135,443,80]
for index in port_number:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
result = sock.connect_ex((飗.0.0.1', index))
if result == 0:
print("Port %d is open" % index)
else:
print("Port %d is not open" % index)
sock.close()
判断指定端口并且实现钉钉轮询报警
import requests
import sys
import json
import socket
import time
def dingding(title,text):
dingding_url = ' https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token='
data = {"msgtype": "markdown","markdown": {"title": title,"text": text}}
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json;charset=UTF-8'}
send_data = json.mps(data).encode('utf-8')
requests.post(url=dingding_url,data=send_data,headers=headers)
def net_scan():
port_number = [80,135,443]
for index in port_number:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
result = sock.connect_ex((飗.0.0.1', index))
if result == 0:
print("Port %d is open" % index)
else:
return index
sock.close()
while True:
dingding("Warning",net_scan())
time.sleep(60)
python-实现SSH批量CMD执行命令
import sys
import os
import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
def ssh_cmd(user,passwd,port,userfile,cmd):
file = open(userfile, "r")
line = file.readlines()
for i in range(len(line)):
print("对IP: %s 执行"%line[i].strip('
'))
ssh.connect(hostname=line[i].strip('
'),port=port,username=user,password=passwd)
cmd=cmd
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
result = stdout.read()
ssh_cmd("lyshark","123","22","./ip.txt","free -h |grep 'Mem:' |awk '{print $3}'")
用python写一个列举当前目录以及所有子目录下的文件，并打印出绝对路径
import sys
import os
for root,dirs,files in os.walk("C://"):
for name in files:
print(os.path.join(root,name))
os.walk()
按照这样的日期格式（xxxx-xx-xx）每日生成一个文件，例如今天生成的文件为2013-09-23.log， 并且把磁盘的使用情况写到到这个文件中。
import os
import sys
import time
new_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
disk_status = os.popen("df -h").readlines()
str1 = ''.join(disk_status)
f = open(new_time+'.log','w')
f.write("%s"%str1)
f.flush()
f.close()
统计出每个IP的访问量有多少？（从日志文件中查找）
import sys
list = []
f = open("/var/log/httpd/access_log","r")
str1 = f.readlines()
f.close()
for i in str1:
ip=i.split()[0]
list.append(ip)
list_num=set(list)
for j in list_num:
num=list.count(j)
print("%s -----> %s" %(num,j))
写个程序，接受用户输入数字，并进行校验，非数字给出错误提示，然后重新等待用户输入。
import tab
import sys
while True:
try:
num=int(input("输入数字：").strip())
for x in range(2,num+1):
for y in range(2,x):
if x % y == 0:
break
else:
print(x)
except ValueError:
print("您输入的不是数字")
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit("
")
ps 可以查看进程的内存占用大小，写一个脚本计算一下所有进程所占用内存大小的和。
import sys
import os
list=[]
sum=0
str1=os.popen("ps aux","r").readlines()
for i in str1:
str2=i.split()
new_rss=str2[5]
list.append(new_rss)
for i in list[1:-1]:
num=int(i)
sum=sum+num
print("%s ---> %s"%(list[0],sum))
关于Python 命令行参数argv
import sys
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print ("没有输入任何参数")
sys.exit()
if sys.argv[1].startswith("-"):
option = sys.argv[1][1:]
利用random生成6位数字加字母随机验证码
import sys
import random
rand=[]
for x in range(6):
y=random.randrange(0,5)
if y == 2 or y == 4:
num=random.randrange(0,9)
rand.append(str(num))
else:
temp=random.randrange(65,91)
c=chr(temp)
rand.append(c)
result="".join(rand)
print(result)
自动化-使用pexpect非交互登陆系统
import pexpect
import sys
ssh = pexpect.spawn('ssh [email protected]')
fout = file('sshlog.txt', 'w')
ssh.logfile = fout
ssh.expect("[email protected]'s password:")
ssh.sendline("密码")
ssh.expect('#')
ssh.sendline('ls /home')
ssh.expect('#')
Python-取系统时间
import sys
import time
time_str = time.strftime("日期：%Y-%m-%d",time.localtime())
print(time_str)
time_str= time.strftime("时间：%H:%M",time.localtime())
print(time_str)
psutil-获取内存使用情况
import sys
import os
import psutil
memory_convent = 1024 * 1024
mem =psutil.virtual_memory()
print("内存容量为:"+str(mem.total/(memory_convent))+"MB
")
print("已使用内存:"+str(mem.used/(memory_convent))+"MB
")
print("可用内存:"+str(mem.total/(memory_convent)-mem.used/(1024*1024))+"MB
")
print("buffer容量:"+str(mem.buffers/( memory_convent ))+"MB
")
print("cache容量:"+str(mem.cached/(memory_convent))+"MB
")
Python-通过SNMP协议监控CPU
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*
import os
def getAllitems(host, oid):
sn1 = os.popen('snmpwalk -v 2c -c public ' + host + ' ' + oid + '|grep Raw|grep Cpu|grep -v Kernel').read().split('
')[:-1]
return sn1
def getDate(host):
items = getAllitems(host, '.1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11')
if name == ' main ':
Python-通过SNMP协议监控系统负载
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*
import os
import sys
def getAllitems(host, oid):
sn1 = os.popen('snmpwalk -v 2c -c public ' + host + ' ' + oid).read().split('
')
return sn1
def getload(host,loid):
load_oids = Ƈ.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.1.3.' + str(loid)
return getAllitems(host,load_oids)[0].split(':')[3]
if name == ' main ':
Python-通过SNMP协议监控内存
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*
import os
def getAllitems(host, oid):
def getSwapTotal(host):
def getSwapUsed(host):
def getMemTotal(host):
def getMemUsed(host):
if name == ' main ':
Python-通过SNMP协议监控磁盘
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*
import re
import os
def getAllitems(host,oid):
def getDate(source,newitem):
def getRealDate(item1,item2,listname):
def caculateDiskUsedRate(host):
if name == ' main ':
Python-通过SNMP协议监控网卡流量
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*
import re
import os
def getAllitems(host,oid):
sn1 = os.popen('snmpwalk -v 2c -c public ' + host + ' ' + oid).read().split('
')[:-1]
return sn1
def getDevices(host):
device_mib = getAllitems(host,'RFC1213-MIB::ifDescr')
device_list = []
def getDate(host,oid):
date_mib = getAllitems(host,oid)[1:]
date = []
if name == ' main ':
Python-实现多级菜单
import os
import sys
ps="[None]->"
ip=["192.168.1.1","192.168.1.2","192.168.1.3"]
flage=1
while True:
ps="[None]->"
temp=input(ps)
if (temp=="test"):
print("test page !!!!")
elif(temp=="user"):
while (flage == 1):
ps="[User]->"
temp1=input(ps)
if(temp1 =="exit"):
flage=0
break
elif(temp1=="show"):
for i in range(len(ip)):
print(i)
Python实现一个没用的东西
import sys
ps="[root@localhost]# "
ip=["192.168.1.1","192.168.1.2","192.168.1.3"]
while True:
temp=input(ps)
temp1=temp.split()
检查各个进程读写的磁盘IO
import sys
import os
import time
import signal
import re
class DiskIO:
def init (self, pname=None, pid=None, reads=0, writes=0):
self.pname = pname
self.pid = pid
self.reads = 0
self.writes = 0
def main():
argc = len(sys.argv)
if argc != 1:
print ("usage: please run this script like [./lyshark.py]")
sys.exit(0)
if os.getuid() != 0:
print ("Error: This script must be run as root")
sys.exit(0)
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
os.system('echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/block_mp')
print ("TASK PID READ WRITE")
while True:
os.system('dmesg -c > /tmp/diskio.log')
l = []
f = open('/tmp/diskio.log', 'r')
line = f.readline()
while line:
m = re.match(
'^(S+)(d+)(d+): (READ|WRITE) block (d+) on (S+)', line)
if m != None:
if not l:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
continue
found = False
for item in l:
if item.pid == m.group(2):
found = True
if m.group(3) == "READ":
item.reads = item.reads + 1
elif m.group(3) == "WRITE":
item.writes = item.writes + 1
if not found:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
time.sleep(1)
for item in l:
print ("%-10s %10s %10d %10d" %
(item.pname, item.pid, item.reads, item.writes))
def signal_handler(signal, frame):
os.system('echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/block_mp')
sys.exit(0)
if name ==" main ":
main()
利用Pexpect实现自动非交互登陆linux
import pexpect
import sys
ssh = pexpect.spawn('ssh [email protected]')
fout = file('sshlog.log', 'w')
ssh.logfile = fout
ssh.expect("[email protected]'s password:")
ssh.sendline("密码")
ssh.expect('#')
ssh.sendline('ls /home')
ssh.expect('#')
利用psutil模块获取系统的各种统计信息
import sys
import psutil
import time
import os
time_str = time.strftime( "%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime( ) )
file_name = "./" + time_str + ".log"
if os.path.exists ( file_name ) == False :
os.mknod( file_name )
handle = open ( file_name , "w" )
else :
handle = open ( file_name , "a" )
if len( sys.argv ) == 1 :
print_type = 1
else :
print_type = 2
def isset ( list_arr , name ) :
if name in list_arr :
return True
else :
return False
print_str = "";
if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset( sys.argv,"mem" ) :
memory_convent = 1024 * 1024
mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
print_str += " 内存状态如下:
"
print_str = print_str + " 系统的内存容量为: "+str( mem.total/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB
"
print_str = print_str + " 系统的内存以使用容量为: "+str( mem.used/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB
"
print_str = print_str + " 系统可用的内存容量为: "+str( mem.total/( memory_convent ) - mem.used/( 1024*1024 )) + "MB
"
print_str = print_str + " 内存的buffer容量为: "+str( mem.buffers/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB
"
print_str = print_str + " 内存的cache容量为:" +str( mem.cached/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB
"
if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset( sys.argv,"cpu" ) :
print_str += " CPU状态如下:
"
cpu_status = psutil.cpu_times()
print_str = print_str + " user = " + str( cpu_status.user ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " nice = " + str( cpu_status.nice ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " system = " + str( cpu_status.system ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " idle = " + str ( cpu_status.idle ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " iowait = " + str ( cpu_status.iowait ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " irq = " + str( cpu_status.irq ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " softirq = " + str ( cpu_status.softirq ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " steal = " + str ( cpu_status.steal ) + "
"
print_str = print_str + " guest = " + str ( cpu_status.guest ) + "
"
if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset ( sys.argv,"disk" ) :
print_str += " 硬盘信息如下:
"
disk_status = psutil.disk_partitions()
for item in disk_status :
print_str = print_str + " "+ str( item ) + "
"
if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset ( sys.argv,"user" ) :
print_str += " 登录用户信息如下:
"
user_status = psutil.users()
for item in user_status :
print_str = print_str + " "+ str( item ) + "
"
print_str += "---------------------------------------------------------------
"
print ( print_str )
handle.write( print_str )
handle.close()
import psutil
mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
print mem.total,mem.used,mem
print psutil.swap_memory() # 输出获取SWAP分区信息
cpu = psutil.cpu_stats()
printcpu.interrupts,cpu.ctx_switches
psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True) # 输出每个核心的详细CPU信息
psutil.cpu_times().user # 获取CPU的单项数据 [用户态CPU的数据]
psutil.cpu_count() # 获取CPU逻辑核心数，默认logical=True
psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) # 获取CPU物理核心数
psutil.disk_partitions() # 列出全部的分区信息
psutil.disk_usage('/') # 显示出指定的挂载点情况【字节为单位】
psutil.disk_io_counters() # 磁盘总的IO个数
psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True) # 获取单个分区IO个数
psutil.net_io_counter() 获取网络总的IO，默认参数pernic=False
psutil.net_io_counter(pernic=Ture)获取网络各个网卡的IO
psutil.pids() # 列出所有进程的pid号
p = psutil.Process(2047)
p.name() 列出进程名称
p.exe() 列出进程bin路径
p.cwd() 列出进程工作目录的绝对路径
p.status()进程当前状态[sleep等状态]
p.create_time() 进程创建的时间 [时间戳格式]
p.uids()
p.gids()
p.cputimes() 【进程的CPU时间，包括用户态、内核态】
p.cpu_affinity() # 显示CPU亲缘关系
p.memory_percent() 进程内存利用率
p.meminfo() 进程的RSS、VMS信息
p.io_counters() 进程IO信息，包括读写IO数及字节数
p.connections() 返回打开进程socket的nametples列表
p.num_threads() 进程打开的线程数
import psutil
from subprocess import PIPE
p =psutil.Popen(["/usr/bin/python" ,"-c","print 'helloworld'"],stdout=PIPE)
p.name()
p.username()
p.communicate()
p.cpu_times()
psutil.users() # 显示当前登录的用户，和Linux的who命令差不多
psutil.boot_time() 结果是个UNIX时间戳，下面我们来转换它为标准时间格式，如下：
datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()) # 得出的结果不是str格式，继续进行转换 datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()).strftime('%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S')
Python生成一个随机密码
import random, string
def GenPassword(length):
if name == ' main ':
print (GenPassword(6))